Sentences, as the basic building block of the written word, need careful attention. You can write long, short, simple, complex, parallel, convoluted or fragmented. Yes. Fragments work.
When do you use which sentence structure. Here’s where it helps to read your work aloud, listening for a smooth flow. Does the writing disappear and let the story come forward, or does the writing force you to stop and read again for clarity? Are there frequent stutters as the rhythm of the piece breaks down?
Consider the differences between these two sentences.
#1 is shorter and emphasizes that something has started.
#2 is longer and emphasizes there is a Revolution. It uses the “It was. . .” construction to push the important information to the end of the sentence. A careful writer would weigh the disadvantage of the weaker to-be verb with the advantage of putting the word “Revolution” in the position of stress.
The choice depends on where you want the readers to focus. It’s a choice that affects style, clarity and, of course, voice.
Here are other posts on using great sentences to create voice.
Via the marvelous blog Reading Markson Reading, some words of wisdom from F. Scott Fitzgerald to his daughter:
A good style simply doesn’t form unless you absorb half a dozen top-flight authors every year. Or rather it forms but instead of being a subconscious amalgam of all that you have admired, it is simply a reflection of the last writer you have read, a watered-down journalese.
Fitzgerald's letter includes some recommended books, and blogger Tyler Malone follows up with a letter from David Markson to his own daughter offering a list of some favorite books.
Great stuff.
Jeff VanderMeer has a good post up about style. You should read it.
I, being endlessly excited by the topic, responded with a comment as long as the post itself. I didn't really mean to do that, and was embarrassed upon posting it to see just how much I'd written, but I was in a hurry and didn't have a chance to write concisely. But I wanted to offer a comment/question about translation -- specifically the fact that some great writing survives some really bad translation -- and see what folks did with it, if they did anything other than just groan and ignore me. Which might be the best response. Nonetheless, the post itself is worth considering...
Meanwhile, I was tempted to write a long post here about the blazing idiocy of John Mullan's "12 of the Best New Novelists" thing at The Guardian, but other people are on it.
Really, though, I know what you most want from me: cute wombats!

Brenda Gregoline, ELS, manages the copyediting team for 5 of the Archives Journals, and is a member of the committee that writes and updates the AMA Manual of Style. She is a member of the Council of Science Editors and has worked in scientific publishing for nearly 15 years. In this 3-part series, she reports on the most frequent mistakes authors make when submitting manuscripts to JAMA and the Archives Journals, and lets us in on what drives copy editors crazy. Read part one here and part two here.
It’s impossible to expect authors to absorb all the information in the thousand-page AMA Manual of Style–they’re just trying to get published, and it’s our job to help them. Here, in classic top-10-list reverse order, are the top 10 editorial problems we see in our submitted and accepted manuscripts, compiled by committee and editorialized upon by me. In Part I we discussed filling out author forms, omitting “behind the scenes” stuff, and generally making life difficult for the copy editor. In Part II we discussed common punctuation and style mistakes, errors of grandiosity, and wacky references. Today we discuss the final 4 in our top-10 list of most frequent mistakes.
4. Duplicate submission. In scientific publication, it is not acceptable to submit a report of original research to multiple journals at the same time. Journal editors are likely to be more disturbed by this if it looks deliberate rather than like a simple mistake (not realizing that a foreign-language journal “counts,” for example) or if the case is debatable (a small section of results was published in another paper, but the new paper adds tons of new material). Remember those forms from the 10th most common mistake? One of them asks about previous submission or publication. We need authors to be up-front about any other articles in the pipeline, even if (especially if) they’re not sure if they might constitute duplicate publication.
3. Failing to protect patient identity. Yup, there’s a form for this too! Any time a patient is identifiable, in a photograph or even in text (as in a case report), authors must have the patient’s consent. (Contrary to popular belief, the gossip-mag-style “black bars” over the eyes are not sufficient to conceal identity.) Usually we hear complaints about this, because studies are written long after patients are treated and it can be hard to track people down, but them’s the breaks. If it’s really impossible to obtain after-the-fact patient consent, editors will work with authors to crop photos, take out case-report details, or whatever it takes to “de-identify” patients.
2. Not matching up all the data “bits.” In the abstract, 76 patients were randomized to receive the intervention, but it’s 77 in Table 1. There was a 44.5% reduction in symptoms in the medicated group in the text, but later it’s 44.7%. Sometimes this is because the abstract is written first from the overall results, while the data in a table are more precisely calculated by a statistician; or maybe the number of patients changed along the way and no one went back to revise the earlier data. Either way, it drives copy editors crazy.
1. Not reading a journal’s Instructions for Authors. These days almost all scientific journals have online submission, and almost always there is a link to something called “Information for Authors,” “Guidelines for Manuscript Submission,” or something similar. Judging by the kinds of questions editorial offices receive almost daily, authors rarely read these—but the publication process would often go so much more smoothly if they would.
We are proud of our style manual here at JAMA/Archives, although we realize it isn’t the last word in scientific style and format. There can never really be a “last word” because some editor will always want to have it! Anyway, without authors there wouldn’t be anything to edit, so we would never hold any “mistakes” against them. No matter how grievous a manuscript’s misstep, an editor will be there to correct it, because it’s our job. (But mostly because we can’t stop ourselves.)
Escapee Speaks:
How to Find Your Own Style
Do You Take Enough Chances?
Or, do you find yourself working from a place of fear when creating an Illustration or a Painting? Are you afraid of making mistakes, bad choices, or wrong turns?
If so, today I encourage you to take renewed ownership of your work, and steer it in any direction you choose. Remember that it all comes from you. Remember that you only have this moment to create the way you have always dreamed of creating. Give yourself and your art the greatest gift of all by taking chances, pushing limits, and breaking rules.
Be reckless.
Be bold.
Be brave.
After all, that is how personal styles are truly created.
By declaring yourself an explorer, you will allow yourself the freedom to live within your work, and to let your personal truth rise from it in the form of inspiration and beauty.
Nothing will please you more.
Escapee has spoken.
Related Posts:
Be Willing to Destroy Your Work
Creating for You
How to Do Anything You Want
Fear of Failure
Read More Escapee Speaks Creativity
Who is this Escapee guy anyway?


5 Illustration Voices Examine the Concept of Style
In the short time that I’ve been involved with Escape From Illustration Island, I’ve noticed that certain topics seem to come and go in waves, at least in the online Illustration community. For example, it seems that within a short span of time, different bloggers, podcasters, and other content creators will all be talking about similar subjects around the same time. My favorite part about this is that each of us offers our own voice, our own angle, on a given topic.
Today I thought I’d highlight the latest subject that I’ve been noticing being discussed, which is STYLE.
Here’s a look at the ways that 5 different online content creators in the Illustration community have been exploring the concept of style in the recent past:
Nate Williams – In a recent blog post, Illustrator Nate Williams asked the question: “Does a professional Illustrator need a style?“ Rather than stop there, he goes on to paint an incredibly thorough picture of what style is, how different illustrators approach it, and what it means for the working artist. What makes Nate’s post so rewarding to read is how clearly he presents the concept of style with case studies, an outline of the basic creative process, and a look at some of the related opinion polls he has conducted at Illustration Mundo in the past.
Big Illustration Party Time - Friends of EFII and fellow Podcasters Kevin Cross and Joshua Kemble of the Big Illustration Party Time Podcast recently tackled the elusive topic of style on Episode 40 of their show, which focuses on freelance Illustration and cartooning. Their discussion was in reaction to a listener question regarding the benefits and risks of working in a distinct style, as well as tips for Illustrators who wish to work in a variety of styles.

Jonathan Woodward – In another rich and rewarding exploration of style, Jonathan Woodward treated readers of his blog, Zero 2 Illo, with an investigation into the question, “Does an Illustrator Choose Their Style, or Does it Choose Them?” As proof of the fact that every artist has a unique perception

I knew I was going to check out the Liberty of London stuff at Target this past Sunday. I also knew I was not going to wake up at 6am (ON A SUNDAY) to get there before the store opened, especially with the time change (side note: Yahoooo!!!). I wanted to avoid the mad rush and figured if there was nothing left for me when I got there at 11, then it wasn’t meant to be.
When I arrived, I first headed to the women’s section. Not unexpectedly it was a bit of a mess and I could tell my size was virtually sold out. There was one dress left and while it fit, I put it back because it was polyester. I’m not a fabric snob but I was hoping for cotton.
Then I went to the girls’ section: score! Cute and cotton dresses aplenty and this was one of those times that I was glad to be petite. The smock dress above is my favorite. The color is not something I would normally pick out for myself but it goes well with my skin tone and the length is just right.
I also snagged these darling gardening gloves (the ones on the right). I actually needed a pair:

OK, here’s where the decision-making comes in. I don’t know if I should keep the following:

I love the sweet pea print of this top, but is it too juvenile for me?

Same question goes for this sundress (called a cover up on the tag; I guess it supposed to go with the swimsuits). I love the almost psychedelic print. I don’t normally wear such loose styles and do I really need these? But wouldn’t these be great for late summer when the weather is really warm? Could these transition into mommy-to-be wear? (I’m not a mommy-to-be, by the way!)
I don’t know, any thoughts? Did you pick up anything Liberty at Target?


Julia Gorton is the illustrator and designer of many books for children, including Abrams’ Score! 50 Poems to Motivate and Inspire and Harpercollins's I See Myself by Vicki Cobb, the MathStart book Super Sandcastle Saturday by Stuart J. Murphy, and Ten Rosy Roses, by Eve Merriam. She teaches design at Parsons the New School for Design. Julia Gorton lives in Glen Ridge, New Jersey with her husband, author-illustrator Daniel Kirk, and their three children.
Julia Gorton with Thurston Moore of Sonic Youth
CW: How would you recommend to other illustrators to get there work published?
Get out of the studio and make an effort to meet people. Be friendly and send lovely mailers that will be memorable and useful. Follow up and don’t give up. Volunteer to do work for your friends, their bands and any local spots that need updated graphics and images. Think of making small editions that use a narrative theme to show someone how you might work on developing a story across many pages. Do something different, but not so different that there is not a place for it in the market.
CW: Who are your influences.
0 Comments on Interview Adventure series—Julia Gorton • 5 as of 1/1/1900
Unless you yourself are afraid to leave your nut tree and explore the world, you probably know Scaredy Squirrel. I first read this several years ago and bought the book without blinking.
It popped into my head as I was thinking of a blog post for this week so I looked it up. The series is now up to 4 books, there is a puppet, and there is a TV show in the works. If that's not enough, it's also #46 on School Library Journal's top 100 picture books (a good list to browse anytime!) That's the type of success I know many of us would love to achieve, but here's where it gets really interesting for me.
I browsed this book she illustrated at our local garden store a few years ago. I was grabbed by the lovely cover, and surprised to see that it was illustrated by Melanie Watt. Such a different style from the flat, cartoonish Scaredy Squirrel. Gorgeous though, right?
And then there's this other style I saw. I haven't read this, but the cover is beautiful and so very different than the other two styles. Perhaps I'm looking for a little comfort since I'm experimenting with style currently too. Is this the type of thing that is allowed when you have a little (or a lot, in Melanie's case!) success under your belt? Is this something that is almost irrelevant when you're pitching your own dummy? So long as the style is appealing and suited to the story, are you free to play? Just thinking out loud here as I work on a new style and think of where it might take me.
By:
jen,
on 6/2/2010
Blog:
the fabled needle | an art, craft and sewing blog!
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I have this habit of buying vintage for a bargain (because pieces are damaged, ill-fitting, etc.) and taking forever to getting around to making repairs and thus wearing said items. But I’ve made the commitment to change this bad habit into a good one and I’m working my way through my to do pile. This is the first post of my vintage dress parade and I’ll detail the fixes and tweaks I’ve made for each one. I’ll try to remember to include “before” shots next time, hee hee.
The above late 1930s or early ’40s dress was quite the steal as it was falling apart in various places, had a motley crew of ugly buttons and was an unflattering mid-calf length. My fixes:
- Changed the buttons to clear glass ones with faceted edges; I figured this would work well both in the light-colored printed (and flocked!) fabric as well as the navy blue organza. (My camera died before I could get any close up shots.)
- Added bust darts for a better fit.
- Trimmed the flutter sleeves for a little bit more modern look. (I felt like I would fly away before I narrowed them down!)
- Hemmed the skirt by a few inches. Each tier in the skirt was a little bit wider (taller?) than the proceeding one, from waist to hem. Instead of hemming just the bottom tier (and messing up the sequence) or hemming each tier (too much work!), I hemmed the second navy blue tier to match the width of the first one. This way there is still some order/design to the width of the tiers.
- Used the piece I trimmed off the skirt and turned it into a sash (original belt was missing). I can see here that the sash could stand to be shortened (that’s the beauty of taking photos of your projects - you see things you might miss in the mirror!).
- Made other minor repairs like loose seams, wonky tiers, etc.
Next: I love wearing this ’50s dress. I found it soon after seeing (500) Days of Summer and thought it looked like something Zooey’s character might wear. I bought a pale grey-blue crinoline just for this dress. I’m also wearing the same pale blue slip I’m wearing under the dress above. I considered going dark but then you wouldn’t be able to see the print on the sheer fabric very well. Anyway, here’s what I did:

- Removed the sleeves: this dress had half sleeves with quick and dirty hems that were not so great. Since I don’t like fixing/sewing sleeves I just took them off and finished the openings by simply folding under the edges (which doesn’t always work due to the curves but luckily it did in this case).
- Let the waist out: the wearer before me had a tiny waist and had taken it in in several spots around the ruched waist panel.
- Hemmed the skirt. (I will almost always do this!)
- Repaired little holes and opened seams.
- (I thought about pinning on that dark blue rose that I’m holding at the waist along with a ribbon sash but the flower is a bit dark and I think the dress looks nice unadorned.)

Hope you enjoyed this little dress tour!
(By the way, thanks for the Lucy love from the last post - it made her blush!)

I’ve had this dress for almost a year, picked it up for $15 at the antique market. It is almost a relief to have finally done my fixes on this dress; clothes are really moving from the to do rack to the closet! I really love this dress, I feel really at home in it.
Here’s a look at the before:

A 1970s version of a 1930s dress. You can’t see it in the photos but the little flowers are flocked which I love (not much flocking left but still counts for something). There’s absolutely nothing wrong with the style, only it needed some repairs here and there. But for the most part I don’t like high necklines; I feel too closed up. And the sleeves were shortened in a slapdash fashion by its previous tenant (Hmm, I sense a trend) so I had to do something about that.

This is what I did:
- Cut out and lowered the neckline; removed neck facing that was clearly visible under the sheer fabric.
- Added a pleated Petersham collar that I tacked down by hand. (The stitches seem very obvious to me even though I tried my best to not sew too tightly; I might redo it but it’s fine for now.)
- Cut the sleeves down, leaving a little bit of the previously gathered fabric which I hemmed creating little ruffles.
- Fixed some general wonkiness around the bust seam.
- Cut off the lace and ruffle at the hem and shortened the skirt. I considered fixing and re-attaching the ruffle but decided I liked the simplicity of the plain hem.
- The ties were very much uneven so I shortened one. (I did not match the lengths exactly as I don’t see a problem with them being off just a little.)
- Fastened a little brooch to the neckline (from Seventh Muse). I’ve fashioned other things like a yellow velvet bow and such which I can switch out at will!

I have to say I quite enjoy detailing all the repairs and alterations I do to my vintage finds and I hope you do too! I think so, and I find your comments very kind and encouraging. Thank you.

Today’s
dress parade features one new dress (homemade from a vintage pattern) and one vintage dress; yes, that’s me, mixing it up! Firstly is
a dear, little dress I started last summer. I know, so slow. Ruffles look pretty but I don’t always enjoy making them, especially armhole ruffles that are always gigantic on vintage patterns. So something like this just ends up on the to do list for a while. Anyway, the pattern is from the
Chicago Tribune, 1951, #2359.

Per my statement above, I cut down the armhole ruffles quite a bit. Even still, I feel like these are very pronounced. ”Hey everyone, check out my armhole ruffles!” But I’m sure it’s just me and my desire to be inconspicuous (so says the girl who BLOGS).

Cotton voile, how I love it. The weight and print are perfect for this vintage style. Because it’s so floaty, I added a ruffle at the hem to weigh it down and balance the silhouette. And you may recognize that belt - it’s from my vintage shop. I decided it went perfectly so out it went, into my closet.
The next dress is a doozy:

It’s bright seafoam green! And synthetic! But also really fun and cute. (Via Clever Nettle’s shop.) I really wish I had taken a “before” photo (I’ve got to remember to do this!) because I changed out the collar. It seemed like a trend back in the ’60s to make necklines look like they are backwards: high in the front, low in the back like in this dress. Personally, I’m not a big fan mostly because I don’t like the feeling on stuff on my neck with the exception of a really soft (and loosely applied) scarf.
Back to the neckline: the front was high and wide with a standing collar that came down in a “v” in the back, tied is a bow. I really liked the bow idea and wanted to retain that. Here’s what I did:
- Removed the collar (2 pieces) and bias tape.
- Cut a “v” down the front (I put in the dress and pinned the bottom of the “v” so I’d know where to cut).
- Lined up the collar pieces to the front and cut off the access length; sewed down open ends.
- Restitched the collar pieces on by hand (Doing it this way seemed to leave little room for wonky seams even though it takes longer [but it's better then picking out stitches!]).
- Restitched bias tape to areas of neckline that did not have collar pieces sewn to it.
- Created a loop from left over collar to make the bow in the front.
- Stitched

I love to watch movies for the costumes. (And if you’re anything like me, you do too!) I had placed Kit Kittredge: An American Girl in my Netflix queue months ago for this very reason. I’ve never had much interest in the American Girl doll phenomenon (I have to admit, I’ve been more of a Barbie fan) but when I saw the trailer for this movie I figured it would be a wealth of Depression era fashion inspiration.
“Depression era fashion inspiration” sounds rather contradictory. But even those families who had to pinch their pennies often managed, with a lot of creativity, to produce unique and pretty clothing for themselves. Feedsacks, scraps and old clothes were given new life and transformed things like day dresses and quilts.
My favorite part of everyday 1930s fashion (besides the sweetest prints and handmade sweaters) are the little details: plackets, collars, ties, buttons, etc.!





I don’t want to spoil the movie for you so I’ve only posted some of my favorites. There are plenty more highlights in the movie, including lots of inspiring grown-up wear! (I even spied some Remix shoes.) It’s a cute family film with a wonderful cast (Stanley Tucci, Abigail Breslin, Joan Cusack and Julie Ormond), albeit a little slow at times. It would be a good movie to watch on a Sunday afternoon or weekday evening with a pot of tea and some vintage sewing or knitting to work on.
Have you seen this movie? If so, what are your thoughts? What costumes movies do you find inspiring?
I’ve spent some time today reading a terrific little book of writing instruction for both the beginning and experienced writer. The book’s been around for a long while.
After some thought, I have some questions regarding how certain aspects of writing discussed in the book are handled by today’s editors. I’d like to address one aspect in particular.
Transitions
In Brandon Rotal’s Little Red Writing Book the subject of transitions placed near the beginning. Rotal goes through the four types of transitions: contrast, illustration, continuation, and conclusion. All writers use transitions. They’re a necessary step in moving an essay, article, or story from start to finish.
Regardless of transition’s importance, in much of today’s editorial preference, specific transition words are currently discouraged. I’ve read recent articles written about the overuse of “however”, “though”, “therefore”, “but, etc. I’ve been told by various other writers to limit my use of such traffic signals in my writing.
Two important questions arise for me. How do transitions happen without initial trigger words? Does a writer’s style dictate use of transition words?
New Transitions
Whether a writer has fifteen years freelance experience or a mere few months, small considerations such as transitions can make or break an acceptance in today’s competitive market. If former transition words are no longer received favorably, something else must take their place.
Let’s start with the contrast transitions. If “however,” “but,” “on the other hand”, etc. doesn’t cut it anymore, there are ways to shift thoughts. After all, the brain does it all day long.
For instance: Rather than say “However, we couldn’t move the fallen tree without more industrial power,” create a substitute. Try something like “Moving the fallen tree would require more industrial power than we possessed.”
The meaning remains the same. The sentence is stronger. The traditional transition was eliminated.
“Nevertheless” can be left behind for “Notwithstanding.” It isn’t used as often. The key is to refrain from using it often. Of course, the writer doesn’t have to use any trigger words.
Example: “Nevertheless, the fallen tree would take more resources to remove than we had available.” becomes “Without bringing in additional resources from outside, we couldn’t move the fallen tree.”
The latter transition takes one less word and doesn’t use trigger words.
Using Style Transitions
As seen above, the writer uses a shift of thought to bring about transition in subject direction. Transitions don’t have to be abrupt and jarring. The writer can slide through them without breaking for turns.
For example: “While writing this piece I’ve had to think up more unusual transitions than I’ve taken time for in many weeks. Normally, I don’t sit and ponder the use of traditional transition words. I could get stuck in each sentence, if I allowed myself that luxury.
Instead, I try to ignore the existence of traditional transition words. I think of them as unnecessary descriptors and work to leave them out of my writing. It’s difficult, especially when a person has to change a total perception of proper writing style.”
New Version: “As I write this I have to create many new transitions. To eliminate the difficulty, I try to ignore the existence of traditional transitions. Shifting thought allows the writer to say as much in a more fluid way. If I think of transition words as unnecessary descriptors, my writing flows with strength and clarity.
The second version says the same thing as the first. The difference is length and flow. Personally, I like it better than the first one. In the end, that’s all that matters. If it works better, the likelihood of an editor liking it, too, increases, which is the final writer

Just a little quick illustration for this week. I thought it would be fun to experiment and do something different this time specially now that I am working on several books at a time all in watercolor.
I think the brain kind of asks to please change a little, hee.. so I'm listening. Plus I'm always toying with the idea of having a second rendering style for other projects that might call for it.
I''m sort of liking this. What do you think?
I sketched it real quick. The line work was done with a black Derwent sketching pencil and then I colored it in Photoshop.
Have a great weekend everyone!
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I haven't been purposeful about learning as I read. I do make it a point to talk about the books when I finish them, especially if something really worked for me, or really didn't. But this journaling idea is a good one.
I love those quotes!
I've really loved collecting sentences and scenes this way. It's been a great learning experience and is a bit like a scrapbook, too.
For years I've thought about doing this, but am too lazy or distracted to actually DO it. I'm impressed, Caroline. And I love the quotes you chose, too. And your pretty notebook!
I don't do it as often as I could, but every time I have, I've benefitted.