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By: Charley,
on 7/31/2014
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By Sergio Della Sala
We are besieged by misinformation on all sides. When this misinformation masquerades as science, we call it pseudoscience. The scientific tradition has methods that offer a way to get accurate evidence and decrease the chance of misinformation persisting for long. The application of these rules marks the difference between science and pseudoscience. Perhaps more importantly, accepting these rules allows us to admit what we do not yet know, and avoids the pomposity too often associated with the notion of scientific authority.
We are easy prey for pseudoscience. We are natural believers, especially in things that we would like to be true. This belief may be fostered by trusting web surfing. We come to believe that our children can improve their scholastic performances by gulping up fishy pills or other improbable supplements. We would like to be more intelligent and show off our skills in solving puzzles, have better memory and absorb volumes of material effortlessly, and to flaunt our astuteness and acumen at parties. To reach these goals by long hours of swotting is a daunting prospect, so we jump at the idea of a quick fix and are prepared to pay for it.
Take the simplistic dichotomy between the two brain hemispheres that informs a series of training programmes. Such programmes are based on the popular assumption that our brains have a nerdy left hemisphere, which acts as a rigorous accountant, opposed to a creative, hippie half, the right hemisphere (which usually needs to be awakened).
Newsmakers fuel belief in tall tales by running uncritical stories advertising outlandish methods and ignoring their obvious flaws. So we can blame the journalists: easy target. However, when we scientists engage with the public, do we really do any better? We are now all desperate to engage the public; our institutions push us to branch out and reach out, and we get brownie points if we do so. This activity too often translates into a scientist going to the media saying “I have nothing to say, and I want to say it on TV.” It sometimes seems that it is the engagement itself that is valued, independently of what we actually say.
There is nothing wrong if you are not interested in science, but if you are then nowadays there are plenty of opportunities to indulge your curiosity. Science festivals are springing up in every city. However, the idea that simply discussing science publicly can counter misinformation is naïve. I posit that too often than it would be advisable, scientists themselves promulgate pseudoscientific thinking, so even science festivals may be counterproductive. Engaging with the public should push scientists to show the evidence and praise scientific methods. We should not abuse the position to dominate by authority.
The Royal Society‘s motto ‘Nullius in verba’ is Latin for, roughly, ‘take nobody’s word for it’. We scientists should remember this motto, not only in our labs, but also when disseminating our ideas. Yet we seem to know no better. Kary Mullis, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, asserted in his autobiography his belief in astrology. But he is a Capricorn. I’m a Libran, and Librans do not believe in astrology.
Sergio Della Sala is Professor of Human Cognitive Neuroscience at the University of Edinburgh, and co-editor of Neuroscience in Education: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly.
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By:
Claudette Young,
on 3/2/2012
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Tension abducts the shoulders and arms. Fingers twitch ever so slightly as they rest on the keyboard. Eyes see only a blank desert before them, boding ill for any who traverse that lonely stretch of white.
Why is it that beginning a piece of writing looms, as guillotine over neck, waiting for the blade to drop? How can a simple exercise of putting words to paper or computer exact such a toll? Writers have debated the issue for years, probably centuries, and definitive answers remain elusive.
Having suffered from this debility a time or two—okay, read that as every day—I can only suggest my personal reasons for suffering and the relief measures I take to combat those reasons.
10 Reasons for Avoiding the Keyboard
- No one is interested in anything I have to say.
- What I have to say has no value.
- What’s the point of putting myself out there?
- I don’t have the talent that it takes to make it as a writer.
- This dream is a waste of time I could be using elsewhere.
- I’ll never gain approval from anyone for writing, so why do it?
- Getting something published takes too much time.
- I have too many other things to do with my time than sit here pretending to be a writer.
- So I have a story idea. It will never sell.
- Only my friends ever read my stuff. I’m going out and enjoy the sunshine instead of being cooped up in here writing drivel.
Did any of these sound familiar? I’d bet that you’ve experienced at least five of these in the past three months.
Doubt is a normal human response to anything that exposes us to criticism. After all, no one likes being criticized for anything. Avoidance is the common remedy for dealing with criticism. If a venture is never begun, never made available for others to see, no one has an opportunity to criticize you for anything.
Taking Charge of Self-Doubt and Fear
Children are taught both self-doubt and fear of disapproval when they’re seldom praised for their efforts. As an adult those who’ve lived without much praise for good performance, good effort, etc. constantly seek out the missing approval. That, too, is a normal human motivation.
This constant seeking of approval can lead down a road to success or continued failure. The signpost for the direction taken, I think, is the one that reads “YOU’RE HERE—FEAR”
If fear is allowed to control you’re actions, it controls your life and your freedom. Whether you become agoraphobic or not doesn’t matter. You’re still hiding inside a locked room—the one you’ve made for yourself and your aspirations.
I created a motto for myself today and shared it with another writer this morning. It is: “If you never begin, you never arrive.”
Will the world end if your story isn’t equal to one belonging to Dickens, Heinlein, King, or Hemingway? If your poem isn’t of the same caliber as
8 Comments on Whether Right or Wrong—Write, last added: 3/3/2012
Tension abducts the shoulders and arms. Fingers twitch ever so slightly as they rest on the keyboard. Eyes see only a blank desert before them, boding ill for any who traverse that lonely stretch of white.
Why is it that beginning a piece of writing looms, as guillotine over neck, waiting for the blade to drop? How can a simple exercise of putting words to paper or computer exact such a toll? Writers have debated the issue for years, probably centuries, and definitive answers remain elusive.
Having suffered from this debility a time or two—okay, read that as every day—I can only suggest my personal reasons for suffering and the relief measures I take to combat those reasons.
10 Reasons for Avoiding the Keyboard
- No one is interested in anything I have to say.
- What I have to say has no value.
- What’s the point of putting myself out there?
- I don’t have the talent that it takes to make it as a writer.
- This dream is a waste of time I could be using elsewhere.
- I’ll never gain approval from anyone for writing, so why do it?
- Getting something published takes too much time.
- I have too many other things to do with my time than sit here pretending to be a writer.
- So I have a story idea. It will never sell.
- Only my friends ever read my stuff. I’m going out and enjoy the sunshine instead of being cooped up in here writing drivel.
Did any of these sound familiar? I’d bet that you’ve experienced at least five of these in the past three months.
Doubt is a normal human response to anything that exposes us to criticism. After all, no one likes being criticized for anything. Avoidance is the common remedy for dealing with criticism. If a venture is never begun, never made available for others to see, no one has an opportunity to criticize you for anything.
Taking Charge of Self-Doubt and Fear
Children are taught both self-doubt and fear of disapproval when they’re seldom praised for their efforts. Adults who’ve lived without much praise for good performance, good effort, etc. constantly seek out the missing approval. That, too, is a normal human motivation.
This constant seeking of approval can lead down a road to success or continued failure. The signpost for the direction taken, I think, is the one that reads “YOU’RE HERE—FEAR”
If fear is allowed to control you’re actions, it controls your life and your freedom. Whether you become agoraphobic or not doesn’t matter. You’re still hiding inside a locked room—the one you’ve made for yourself and your aspirations.
I created a motto for myself today and shared it with another writer this morning. It is: “If you never begin, you never arrive.”
Will the world end if your story isn’t equal to one belonging to Dickens, Heinlein, King, or Hemingway? If your poem isn’t of the same caliber as Tennyson, Whitman, Brow
The states are order like this hope I helped you guys a lot it sure helped me…
STATE M/D/Y CAPITAL NICKNAME MOTTO
1. Delaware Dec. 7, 1787.Dover “The First State”.”Liberty and Independence”.
2. Pennsylvania Dec. 12, 1787.Harrisburg “The Keystone State”.”Virtue, Liberty, and Independence”.
3. New Jersey Dec. 18, 1787.Trenton “The Garden State”.”Liberty and Prosperity”.
4. Georgia Jan. 2, 1788.Atlanta “The Peach State”.”Wisdom, Justice, and Moderation”.
5. Connecticut Jan. 9, 1788.Hartford “The Constitution State”.”He Who Transplanted Still Sustains”.
6. Massachusetts Feb. 6,1788.Boston “The Bay State”.”By The Sword We Seek Peace, but Peace Only Under Liberty
7. Maryland April 28,1788.Annapolis “The Old Line State”.”Strong Deeds, Gentle Words”.
8. S. Carolina May 23,1788.Columbia “The Palmetto State”.”While I Breathe, I Hope”.
9. New Hampshire June 21,1788.Concord “The Granite State”.”Live Free or Die”.
10. Virginia June 25, 1788.Richmond “The Old Dominion State”.”Thus Always to Tyrants”.
11. New York July 26, 1788.Albany “The Empire State”.”Ever Upward”.
12. N. Carolina Nov.21,1789.Raleigh”The Tar Heel State”.”To Be Rather Than To Seem”.
13. Rhode Island May 29,1790.Providence “The Ocean State”.”Hope”.
14. Vermont March 4,1791.Montpelier “The Green Mountain State”.”Freedom and Unity”
15. Kentucky June 1,1792. Frankfort “Bluegrass State”.”United We Stand, Divided We Fall”.
16. Tennessee June 1,1796. Nashville “The Volunteer State”.”Agriculture and Commerce”.
17. Ohio March 1,1803. Columbus “The Buckeye State”.”With God All Things Are Possible”.
18. Louisiana April 30,1812. Baton Rouge “The Pelican State”.”Union, Justice and Confidence”.
19. Indiana Dec. 11,1816. Indianapolis “The Hoosier State”.”The Crossroads of America”.
20. Mississippi Dec.10,1817. Jackson “The Magnolia State”.”By Virtue And Arms”.
21. Illinois Dec. 3,1818. Springfield “The Prairie State”.”State Sovereignty, National Union”.
22. Alabama Dec.14 1819. Montgomery “The Yellowhammer State”.”We Dare Defend Our Rights”.
23. Maine March 15,1820. Augusta “The Pine Tree State”.”I Lead”
24. Missouri Aug. 10,1821. Jefferson City “The Show Me State”.”The Welfare of the People Shall Be the Supreme Law”.
25. Arkansas June 15,1836. Little Rock “The Natural State”.”The People Rule”.
26. Michigan Jan. 26, 1837. Lansing “The Wolverine State”.”If You Seek a Pleasant Peninsula, Look Around You”.
27. Florida March 3, 1845. Tallahassee “The Sunshine State”.”In God We Trust”.
28. Texas Dec. 29, 1845. Austin “The Lone Star State”.”Friendship”.
29. Iowa Dec. 28, 1846. Des Moines “The Hawkeye State”.”Our Liberties We Prize and Our Rights We Will Maintain”.
30. Wisconsin May 29, 1848. Madison “The Badger State”.”Forward”.
31. California Sept. 9,1850. Sacramento “The Golden State”.”I Have Found It”.
32. Minnesota May 11, 1858. St. Paul “The North Star State”.”The Star Of The North”.
33. Oregon Feb. 14, 1859. Salem “The Beaver State”.”She Flies With Her Own Wing”.
34. Kansas Jan. 29, 1861.Topeka “The Sunflower State”.”To the Stars Through Difficulties”.
35. W. Virginia June 20,1863.Charleston “The Mountain State”.”Mountaineers Are Always Free”.
36. Nevada Oct. 31, 1864. Carson City “The Silver State”.”All for Our Country”.
37. Nebraska March 1, 1867. Lincoln ”The Corn husker State”.”Equality Before the Law”
38. Colorado Aug. 1, 1876. Denver “The Centennial State”.”Nothing Without Providence”.
39. N. Dakota Nov. 2,1889. Bismarck “The Peace Garden State”.”Liberty and Union, Now and Forever, One and Inseparable”.
40. S. Dakota Nov. 2,1889. Pierre “The Mount Rushmore State”.”Under God the People Rule”.
41. Montana Nov. 8,1889. Helena “The Treasure State”.”Gold and Silver”.
42. Washington Nov. 11, 1889. Olympia “The Evergreen State”.”By and By”.
43. Idaho July 3, 1890. Boise “The Gem State”.”It Is Forever”
44. Wyoming July 10, 1890. Cheyenne “The Equality State”.”Equal Rights”.
45. Utah Jan. 4,1896. Salt Lake City “The Beehive State”.”Industry”.
46. Oklahoma Nov. 16, 1907. Oklahoma City “The Sooner State”.”Labor Conquers All Things”
47. New Mexico Jan. 6, 1912. Santa Fe “The Land Of Enchantment”.”It Grows As It Goes”.
48. Arizona Feb. 14, 1912. Phoenix “The Grand Canyon State”.”God Enriches”.
49. Alaska Jan. 3, 1959. Juneau “The Last Frontier”.”North To The Future”.
50. Hawaii Aug. 21,1959. Honolulu “The Aloha State”.”Ua Mau Ke Ea O Ka Aina I Ka Pono(The Life Of The Land Is Perpetuated In Righteousness).
Your Welcome
Check out my other writings please and I hope I helped
Also I decided to add this to this article the state quarters most (if not all) of you know about I am going to add the years they were made.
1999= Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut 2000= Massachusetts, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia 2001= New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Vermont, Kentucky 2002= Tennessee, Ohio, Louisiana, Indiana, Mississippi 2003= Illinois, Alabama, Maine, Missouri, Arkansas 2004= Michigan, Florida, Texas, Iowa, Wisconsin 2005= California, Minnesota, Oregon, Kansas, West Virginia 2006= Nevada, Nebraska, Colorado, North Dakota, South Dakota 2007= Montana, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, Utah 2008= Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona, Alaska, Hawaii. THAT IS ALL FOLKS…
This couldn’t have come at a better time. Thank you!
Glad you could get some use from it, Laurie. I have to do this for myself at least once a week. I figured I wasn’t alone in it.
Write well. I’m looking forward to seeing your new work.
Claudsy
Thanks. This is great for me right now as I am in the third month of daily writing and today I am at a loss for where to go with posts.
You’re more than welcome. I’m glad my posts are of use. If you’re stuck, you can always back up and regroup. If you’re using the daily prompt for inspiration, stop for a few moments and pull your personal take on it to the background. Then look at the prompt again as if you were someone else.
What would your parents feel, expect, etc. if they had to deal with the prompt? What about a friend from school? Would she/he feel or interpret the prompt as you do?
Sometimes when we imagine others’ reactions to something, we get a clearer image of how we’re interpretting that same thing.
Just a thought. Good luck.
Claudsy
ALL such relevant writer advice, Clauds. I really like your #2 and #4 relief measures. #2 is comforting as it is a “writing for the joy of writing feeling to it and #4 is inspiring and connecting, sometimes it’s good to get out of the “box,” otherwise known as “my head!” Thanks so much!
You’re more than welcome, Hannah. I always figure that someone out there has done something in particular, learned something helpful, before I get around to reinventing the wheel.If I find something that works for me, someone else could learn from it, or at least get a different perspective on the experience.
I’m glad to pass along some of my remedies for my own mistakes. I still make so many of them. I live to learn from them.
Clauds
Such a great, positive way to look at it, Clauds! Thanks!
You’re welcome, Hannah.